Project Management and Implementation

 

Learn the fundamentals of project management and control. Discover the key processes involved in project implementation and control.

Effective project management is the cornerstone of achieving organizational goals within defined constraints. It involves a structured approach to planning, organizing, monitoring, and controlling resources to ensure that projects are delivered on time, within budget, and meet quality standards. By incorporating principles such as project implementation, project control, and risk management, businesses can seamlessly translate inputs into actionable results, ensuring sustained benefits over time. Understanding these concepts is essential for anyone looking to lead projects successfully while navigating the triple constraints of cost, time, and quality.

A project is put into practice by first leading and then coordinating human and physical resources to ensure seamless execution.

Objectives are achieved with respect to cost, time, quality, and satisfaction as the process progresses, where project inputs are translated into actions to ultimately deliver the desired results.

What is Project control?

The processes of project control involve several key steps. To begin with, data is collected and analyzed. Subsequently, trends and variances are identified. Afterward, forecasting and progress reporting are conducted. Nevertheless, it is also essential that the information gathered is acted upon. Otherwise, without effective responses to actual and potential problems, project control loses its effectiveness.

The project is merely monitored; however, project control addresses all three project dimensions (the triple constraints): quality, time, and cost.

Project control include all of the following:

Controlling the scope of the project – controlling change.

 Ensuring that the project’s products/deliverables fulfil their requirements Controlling quality.

 Ensuring that activities happen on time – scheduling.

Ensuring that work is performed within budget – cost control.

Managing risks.

Managing problems and identifying issues (and

obtaining external help to

resolve them).

Making sure that the project leads to benefits for the organization.

 Concepts and definitions.

What is Project Management?

The project is merely monitored; however, project control addresses all three project dimensions (the triple constraints): quality, time, and cost.

A project is a collection of linked activities that, when carried out in an organized manner, have a clearly defined start point and end point. This structure aims to achieve specific results that are designed to satisfy the needs of the organization at the current time.

Project management is literally an investment of resources to produce goods and services for consumption. Moreover, it involves planning, organizing, monitoring, and controlling all aspects of a project to ensure objectives are met within the defined time, cost, and quality constraints. As a result, effective project management leads to the successful completion of a project, benefiting both the organization and its stakeholders.

Project management involves planning, organizing, monitoring, and controlling all aspects of a project. Additionally, it includes motivating everyone involved to achieve the project objectives, ensuring safety, and delivering results within the defined time, cost, and performance constraints.

Project management involves the coordination of group activities. In this process, the manager plans, organizes staff, directs, and controls the team to achieve an objective. However, this must be done within constraints on time, cost, and the performance of the end product.

What is Project Management?

A dynamic process that utilizes the appropriate resources of the organization in a controlled and structured manner to achieve clearly defined objectives identified as needs. Moreover, it is always conducted within a defined set of constraints, ensuring that all aspects of the project align with the established goals and limitations.

What does Project Management Entail?

• Planning is the most critical aspect of project management; however, it often receives the least amount of our time. Therefore, dedicating sufficient time to planning is essential for ensuring the project’s success.

•Organizing, in an orderly fashion, is contingent upon meeting prerequisites, ensuring a structured and efficient approach to the project.

•Controlling is critical, as it ensures that we use our limited resources wisely. Additionally, it helps maintain focus on achieving project goals while adhering to time, cost, and quality constraints. Furthermore, effective control enables proactive adjustments and timely responses to any challenges, ensuring the project’s continued alignment with its objectives.

•Measuring, therefore, helps determine whether we have accomplished the goal or met the target, and as a result, provides valuable insights into the success of the project.

Planning is the most critical and gets the least amount of our time; however, organizing follows in an orderly fashion, with contingent and prerequisite factors to consider.

Effective project management is critical if we are to use our limited resources wisely, ensuring that every resource is allocated efficiently to achieve the desired outcomes.

To determine if we accomplished the goal or met the target, it is essential to evaluate the progress and compare the outcomes with the established objectives.

Are we efficient?
• Are we productive?
• Are we doing a good job?
• What is the outcome?
• Is it what we wanted to be?
• If you can’t plan it, You can’t do it
• If you can’t measure it, you can’t manage it

Consider the Baum Cycle (adapted by the World Bank in 1970)

 Baum Cycle has five stages. The breakdown of the phases in the project cycle is artificial. In reality the process is continues and iterative. The phases are:

  •   Identification

  •   Preparation (feasibility study

  •   Appraisal

  •   Implementation

  •   Evaluation – added after a certain period. It involves ex-post evaluation.

Components of Project implementation

Includes management of; Time

Financial
Human resources
Risk
Communication
Logistics and Procurement

Time management.

In PIM, managing time is important due to the following reasons

 All activities are time specified -All resources are discounted for time

Thus, PIM has to ensure that time is well managed by doing the following

In PIM, managing time is important due to the following reasons

 All activities are time specified -All resources are discounted for time

Thus, PIM has to ensure that time is well managed by doing the following

Thus, PIM has to ensure that time is well managed by doing the following

Define objectives, activities clearly
Allocate time efficiently to each objective and

activities.

Financial management

What is FM

This focuses on proper ways/mechanisms of  Mobilizing funds
 Allocating funds (budgeting)
 Utilization of funds.

This ensures that check measures against misuse, mistakes and frauds are in place

 It also checks the relevance of plans, policies and regulations.

This ensures that check measures against misuse, mistakes and frauds are in place

 It also checks the relevance of plans, policies and regulations.

Why is FM?

 To learn strategies on how to raise funds.
 To learn strategies on how to mange allocation of funds.

 To understand strategies on how to control utilization of funds.

How to ensure FM are in place

 Prepare clear budget -Ensure that the budget is approved

 Bank accounts to be known to members.  Payments be made by voucher/cheque  Regular audits.

How to ensure FM are in place

 Prepare clear budget -Ensure that the budget is approved

 Bank accounts to be known to members.  Payments be made by voucher/cheque  Regular audits.

Regularly check account records  Cash and expenditure
 Bank book
 Bank statement

 Bank reconciliation statement  Payment voucher.

Human Resources Management

 Process to ensure that human resource becomes productive

 It focuses on human resources;  planning
 recruitment
 induction

motivation andcompensation  development

Risk management

What is risk?

 Probability that something bad is likely to happen and affect our project

 This can be obtained from the assumptions stipulated in the log frame

 Project manager should make sure there is risk management plan in place.

 

 

 

 

 

 

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